Independence
Lesson 8 Chapter 2
We previously discussed conditional probabilities. You learn the concept of probability of an event dependent to another event
as
. Intuitive, we can infer that if
and
are independent, then
does not depend on
, and it simply equals to
. We previously investigated the formulation as well. Technically, being independent is mutual, i.e., when
, then
and vice verse. We can conclude that when
and
are independent, then
. This formulation leads to the following definition:
Independent Events
Example
Solution: To find the answer, we should calculate and
. If both are equal, then the two events are independent. Otherwise, they are dependent.
How we did the calculations? Calculating is simple for only one dice, the probability of getting any number is
. But how are we going to calculate
? The event space of
is the following:
Henceforth, equals to
. Basically,
represents all the possible situations that the sum of two dices equals to five. Since
, then we can conclude that
and
are NOT independent.