# Import Numpy libraryimport numpy as np# Create a matrixA = np.array([[2,1,3,4],[5,2,9,4],[5,2,10,1]])print('A=n', A)print('Shape of A=n', A.shape)# Reshape A to the new shape of (2,6)B = A.reshape(2,6)print("B: n", B)# Reshape A to the new shape of (2,x)# If we use -1, the remaining dimension will be chosen automatically.C = A.reshape(4,-1)print("C: n", C)# Flatten operationprint("Flatten A: n", A.ravel())A=[[ 2 1 3 4][ 5 2 9 4][ 5 2 10 1]]Shape of A=(3, 4)B: [[ 2 1 3 4 5 2][ 9 4 5 2 10 1]]C: [[ 2 1 3][ 4 5 2][ 9 4 5][ 2 10 1]]Flatten A: [ 2 1 3 4 5 2 9 4 5 2 10 1]

The question is how reshaping operations work? Above we had the matrix $mathbf{A}$ of size $(3,4)$ with 12 ($3 times 4$) total elements. When we use np.reshape , the default Numpy order is “C-style” , which is, the rightmost index “changes the fastest” for the processing operation. Let's use the above example of using .ravel() to flatten the matrix: The first element is obviously $mathbf{A}_{0,0}$ and the next one is $mathbf{A}_{0,1}$. The processing and creating the new array is as below when using .ravel() :

$$ [ mathbf{A}_{0,0}, mathbf{A}_{0,1}, mathbf{A}_{0,2}, mathbf{A}_{0,3}, mathbf{A}_{1,0}, cdots, mathbf{A}_{3,3}, mathbf{A}_{3,4} ]$$